Form for making rubber articles



Nov. 3o, 1937. A. Nf SPANEL 2,100,575

FORM FOR MAKING RUBBER ARTICLES Filed Dec. 19, 1935 Z'Sheets-Sheet lNOV. 30, A N SPANEL 2,100,575

FORM FOR MAKING RUBBER ARTICLES Filed Deo. 19, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 651N VEN TOR.

BY M

Patented Nov. 30, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFi-CE FORM FOR MAKINGRUBBER ARTICLES Abraham N. Spnel, Rochester, N. Y.

Application December 19, 1935, Serial No. 55,214

13 Claims. n (CLIS- 41) This invention relates to forms formanufacturing thin rubber articles, and particularly fromy latex, and toa method of making such forms.

YIn the production of sheet rubber articles from latex it has beennecessary in the past to provide it has been necessary to invest largeamounts of capital in forms, the time of making of which had to benecessarily long.

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a simple type ofform'which obviates the need of casting in the making of the same butwhich can be manufactured from commercial sheet metal stock with aminimum amount of skill and at small cost.

The main feature of the present invention relates to a form made ofsheet metal stock of desired outline and having attached thereto metaledging to develop therein a rubber article of any desired shape and witha margin reinforced by a ridge of rubber.

A further feature of the invention relates to a form having sheet metalpieces and bosses attached thereto to dene reentrant or cut-out por-vtions las well as openings in a rubber article deposited on the form.

The various features and advantages of the invention will appear fromthe detailed description and claims when taken with the drawings inwhich Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a form made according to thepresent invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section, partiallybroken away, of the form taken substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. l;Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the form withpieceso-f rubber layers thereon, said section being taken on the line 3 3 ofFig. 1; Fig. 4 is a cross section of the form taken on the line 4 4 ofFig.V 1 also showing layers of rubber on the form; Fig. 5 is an enlargedfragmentary section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. l indicating thecharacter of the side margin of the form at which reinforced edges aregenerated in the garments deposited on the form; Figs. 5A, 5B, 5C and 5Dare modified side margins for the form which may be substituted for thatsho-wn in Fig. 5; Fig. 5E is an enlarged sectional View of the formmargin illustrated in Fig. 5 also indicating the character of garmentreinforcements generated at said margin; Fig. 6 illustrates a blankwhich is the main part of the form of Fig, 1; Figs. '7, 8 and 9illustrate stampings which may be attached tothe faces of the blank ofFig. 6` in constructing the form shown in Fig. 1; Fig. l() is a frontView of a modified form for making bibs, aprons and the like; Fig. 11 isa modified form for making sheets, table covers and the like; and Fig.12 is a modified type of form on which a latex rubber curtain or thelike can be made.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive of the drawings, there isillustrated a form for making rubber aprons, bibs and the like. prises asheet metal plate 5 stamped or cut from sheet aluminum or stainlesssteel of any desired thickness, and having the outline best illustratedin Fig. 6. The portion of the form.- which generatesy the neck openingin the apron includes a piece 6 stamped or cut from sheet metal (seeFig. 8). One such piece is attached to each of the faces of the plate atthe top thereof. These stamped out pieces are preferably fastened to theplate as by soldering and or welding so that there will be no crackbetween the plate and the attached pieces. The upper part of thebib-generating area of the form which is illustrated at the top of Fig.1, terminates in abrupt edges in the surfaces of the plate 5. In orderto define the margins of the form from the waist portion thereof to theneck portion of the same as well as to define'one margin of each of theform areas on which the tying strips or strings, are deposited, a pairof stamped or cut-out sheet metal pieces l, of the outline illustratedin Fig. 7, arel attached .to each surface of the plate 5 in the positionshown in Fig. 1, by any suitable means such as by soldering and/orwelding. The bottom portion of theform as illustrated in Fig. 1,whichportion develops the bottom of the deposited apron, has fastened toeach surface thereof, a stamped or cut-out piece 9. Each piece 9 hasslots therein to define hooks ID'and is attached to the portionl I ofthe plate 5 which has similar slots therein to define hooks I2, so thatthe hook portions I0 yand I2 are in registry. The several pieces areattached to the main plate in this position as by soldering and/orWelding or the like. It Will be understood that when this form is beingused for making aprons, it is supported by the mentioned hook likeportions.

The edges of the main plate from the corners I3 thereof to each end ofthe pieces 9 are bounded 'I'his form comby an edge-defining strip I4 asshown in Figs. 3, 5 and 5E. This strip is preferably made from sheetstock having a groove I5 or the like rolled or formed therein so thatthe sides of the groove can engage both surfaces of the plate but withthe abrupt edges of the strip projecting away from the principal planeof the plate. This strip is attached to the plate by soldering or bywelding, or by both, indicated at I6 (Fig. 5E) so that the junctionbetween these two parts is free from crevices.

Each surface of the plate 5 near the neck portion thereof is providedwith pairs of bosses II to define buttonholes in the deposited apron andis also provided near each side edge thereof with a boss I8 at a pointnear where the tying strip portion of the form meets the main surface ofthe form. Each of the mentioned bosses mayv terminate in an abrupt edge.By reason of the bosses I8, holes with reinforced margins are deeveloped inthe deposited apron strings at these points. Thus the end ofeach apron tie o-r string can be reinserted through its related openingso that the apron ties or strings which are deposited in such adirection that they tend to extend toward the neck of the apron, wheninserted through the opening will project at right angles to the apron.

It will be understood that the reinforcing strip I4 can be made invarious ways. As shown in Fig. 5A there is provided a bar of readilybendable stock rectangular in cross section which has a notch or kerf 20cut in one face thereof, the width In the further modified arrangementshown inY Fig. 5C the plate 5 is made of two thin plates 5b which havetheir edges turnedover as indicated at 5c to provideflanges. Thejunction of the two plates at these two flanges is welded or filled withsolder 23 by which the two plates are rrnly joined together. j

In the modification shown in Fig. 5D the main plate 5 is formed of twoplates 5d' to the edge of which there is fastened a strip 24 projectingbeyond each surface Aof the plate in the nature of a flange. Y

A better understanding of the structure of the form may be obtained bydescribing the method in which it is used to deposit two rubber apronssimultaneously. One or more of the'forms in position inverted from thatshown in Fig. 1 are supported by the hooks I on a suitable rack orsupport (not shown); The forms in this position are then submerged oneor more times into a bath of an aqueous dispersion of rubber or the likewith a setting or drying interval between each dip, until a layer ofrubber 25 of desired thickness is deposited on each surface of the form.At the junction between the plate and the pieces 5, 'I and 9 as well Vasat -vthe junction ofthe plate with the stripsl I4, the rubber of thelayer will accumulate'as indicated at 21, while at the sharp or abruptedges of these pieces and strips the rubber layer will develop a line ofweakness therein so that the rubber on these pieces and strips can betorn away atV this line of weakness leaving the reinforced margin 21 ofeach layer witha torn or feather edge `23. Similarly at each o-f thebosses such as IT and I8, the rubber will accumulate in the junctionbetween the bosses and the plate 5 to provide a reinforced margin 29 foreach of the resulting holes in the layer, this margin terminating in atorn or feather edge 3B. Adjacent the lower edges of. the plate 5, therubber will accumulate as a reinforcement 3I which is semi-oval orsemi-pear shaped in cross section, while at these edges of the plate aline of weakness 32 will develop in the deposited layer so that thelayer can be parted at this point. After the layer has properly set ordried on the form, the excess portion thereof on the faces Yof thepieces ii, 'I and 9 as well as on the edge strips I4 is torn awayleaving two rubber aprons or bibs which can be stripped from the form.

A modified type of form 35 for making aprons, bibs and the like is shownin Fig. l0. This form comprises a plate 36 cut or stamped from sheetmetal to any desired outline, for example, that shown. At each surfaceof this plate and at the top thereof, there is secured by solderingand/or welding, a cut-.out or stamped out plate 31 similar to piece 6illustrated in Fig. 8. A relatively thin strip of sheet metal 3S, whichis similar to the strip I4 of Fig, 5E is shaped to conform to theoutline of plate 36. The edge of this plate is inserted in the groove inthe strip where it is soldered and/or welded in the manner bestindicated in Fig. 5E so that there are no crevices or cracks between thestrip and the plate. It will be noted that the ends of the strip 33engage the side edges of the pieces 3'I being soldered and/or weldedthereto. Each face of the plate 36 is preferably provided with bosses39, each of. which terminates in an abrupt edge similar tcthat of thebosses I'I best shown in Fig. 4. It will be understood that pieces 3land the strip 38 de velop a reinforced margin for the apron deposited oneach surface of the form while the bosses 39 develop openings thereinwith reinforced margins through which tie-strings or the like may beinserted.

The modified type of form 4I) shown in Fig. 11, is adapted for makingrubber sheets or rubber table covers. This form comprises'a `plate 4Icut or stamped from sheet metal or like material to any desired outlinesuch as indicated. A thin sheet metal strip 42, of the character bestillus- Y posited on this form, a boss 44 -of thecharactei" indicated atIl in Fig. 4, is soldered and/ or welded ateach corner and on eachsurface ofthe plate.

In Fig'. 12 there is illustrated'a form 50 suitable for making rubbercurtains; This form comprises a rectangular plate 5I which is out orstamped from suitable sheet metal. This plate which preferably hasrounded corners is provided at its top and sides with areinforcement-developing strip 52 of the character illustrated inl'lig.V

5E. It will be understood that the edges of the mentioned top and sidesof the plate are inserted in the .groove in the strip 52 where they arefastened by soldering and/or welding. It will be noted that the ends 53of the strip 52 terminate just short of the rounded lower corners of theplate. These lower' corners of the plate as well as the lower edge 54thereof, maybe abrupt or may terminate in a knife edge. Where it isdesired that the deposited curtains have a row of openings along oneendthereof, each surface of the form near one end thereof is providedwith a row of bosses 55 which terminates in an abrupt edge as indicatedat i1 in Fig. 4.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that in using theforms in Figs. 1G, 11 and 12 in making the rubber articles, these formsare dipped one or more times with a drying or setting interval betweeneach dip until a layer of the desired thickness is deposited on theform. At the junction between the strips 38, 42 and 52 and the plates36, 4I, and 5I, respectively, a reinforcing ridge of rubber willaccumulate in the layer of. the character indicated at 2l' in Figs. 3and 5E. At the junction between the pieces 31, the raised bosses 39, 4and 55 and the plates 3%, il and 5l respectively reinforcing ridges ofthe character indicated at 21 and 29 in Fig. 4 will be developed in thelayer. It will be understood that the layer adjacent the outside of thereinforcement will be torn or cut to give the desired cutline to thefinished article. In the case of the article developed on the form ofFig. 12, the lower margin thereof adjacent the abrupt edge 54 will havea cross section semi-pear-shaped or semi-oval in outline as indicated at3| in Fig. 4.

It will be appreciated that with the forms of the present inventionarticles of two different types, styles or sizes may be madesimultaneousli7 on opposite sides of the form, for example, with theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 5B an apron of a large size may be madeon one face of the form and an apron of smaller size may be made on theother face thereof. Also an apron or bib as shown in Figs. 1 and 10 canbe made o-n one face of the form and a sheet or curtain as shown inFigs. l1 and 12 can be made on the other face of the form.

What I claim is:

1. A dipping form for making a thin rubber article having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a plate of sheet material to which a layer ofliquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut to approximately theoutline of the desired article, and a flange attached to a substantialportion of the margin of said plate, said flange projecting from asurface of said form a distance at least equal to the desired thicknessof the reinforced edge of the article whereby -a rubber article having areinforced margin can be deposited on said form, and means forsupporting said form with its principal plane in an upright position.

2. A dipping form for making a thin rubber article having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a plate of sheet material to which a layer ofliquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut to approximately theoutline of the desired article, and a flange attached to a substantialportion of the margin of said plate, said flange projecting from asurface of said form a CListance greater than the thickness of therubber layer to be deposited on said surface whereby a rubber articlehaving a reinforced margin can be deposited on said form, and means forsupporting said form with its principal plane in an upright position.

3. A dipping form for making a thin rubber article having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a plate of sheet material cut toapproximately the outline of the desired article, sheetlike piecesattached to the face of the plate to define re-entrant edges of thearticle, and a fiange of material attached to a substantial portion ofthe margin of said plate, said pieces and said flange projecting beyondthe surface of said plate a distance at least equal to the desiredthicknesses of the reeinforced edges of the article.

4. A dipping form for making a thin deposited rubber article having areinforced edge, said form comprising a plate of sheetmaterial tozwhicha layer of liquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut toapproximately the shape of the desired article, and a flange integralwith a substantial portion of the margin of said plate, said angeprojecting beyond the surface 'of said plate a distance at least equalto the desired thickness of the reinforced edge of the article.r

5. A dipping form for making lthin deposited rubber articles comprisingtwoplates of sheet material cut to approximately the outline of thedesired article and a flange formed on a margin of each of said plates,said plates being joined together with their edges in substantialregistry.

6. A dipping form .for making a thin rubber article having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a plate of sheet material'to which a layer ofliquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut to approximately theoutline of the desired article, and a strip conforming to and joined toa substantial portion of the edge of said plate, said strip projectingbeyond the face of said plate a distance at least equal to the desiredthickness v of the reinforced edge of the article.

'7. A dipping form for making thin rubber articles having reinforcededges, said formcomprising a plate of sheet material to which layers ofliquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut to approximately theoutline of the desired article, and a strip conforming to and attachedto a substantial portion of the edge of said plate, said stripprojecting beyond each face of said plate a distance at least equal tothe desired thickness of the reinforced edges of the articles.

8. A dipping form for making thin rubber articles having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a plate of sheet material to which layers ofliquid rubber will adhere, said plate being cut to approximately theoutline of the desired article, and a stripof bendable material having agroove therein, a substantial portion of the edge of said plate beingattached to said strip in said groove whereby said strip projects beyondeach face of the plate as a marginal flange to generate integralreinforcing ridges at the edges of the articles.

9. A dipping form for making a thin rubber article having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a generally rectangular plate with a curvedend extension cut from sheet material to which liquid rubber willadhere, and a piece of sheet material having an enlarged portion and areduced portion superimposed on and attached to a surface of saidextension and to the adjacent portion of said plate, said reducedportion extending approximately to the edge of said curved extension todefine an opening in said article.

10. A dipping form for making a thin rubber article havinga reinforcededge, said form comprising a generally rectangular plate with a curvedextension on one end cut from sheet material to which liquid rubber willadhere, a piece of sheet material having an enlarged portion and areduced portion superimposed on and attached to a surface of saidextension and to the adjasaid curved extension to define an opening insaid article, and a raised ange attached to substantial portions of themargin of the sides and other end of said plate and projecting to anabrupt edge adjacent the surface of said plate whereby a reinforcingridge is generated in a portion of the margin of the resulting article.

11. A dipping form for making a thin rubber apron having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a generally rectangular plate With a curvedextension on one end cut from sheet material to which liquid rubber Willadhere, a piece of sheet material having an enlarged portion and areduced portion superimposed on and attached to a surface of saidextension and to the adjacent portion of said plate, said reducedportion extending approximately to the edge of said curved extension todefine a neck opening in said apron, a raised ange attached tosubstantial portions of the margin of the sides and other end of saidplate and projecting to an abrupt edge adjacent the surface of saidplate whereby a reinforcing ridge is generated on certain margins ofsaid apron, and an elongated wedge-shaped piece of sheet materialattached to said surface of said plate adjacent each side edge thereof,one long edge of each piece extending in spaced relation along itsrelated side edge to dene a tie for said apron, each piece having a,long curved edge merging with a curved edge of said extension to definea portion of the top portion of said apron.

12. A dipping form for making thin rubber plate on a substantial portionof the margin Y thereof, each ange projecting from a face of said platea distance at least equal to the desired thickness of the reinforcededge of the articles, whereby a rubber article having a reinforcedmargin can be deposited on each face of said form, and means forsupporting said form with its principal plane in an upright position.

13. A dipping form for making a thin rubber apron having a reinforcededge, said form comprising a generally rectangularA plate With a curvedextension on one end cut from sheet material to which liquid rubber willadhere, a piece of sheet material to dene a neck opening in theresulting apron attached to a surface of said extension, a raised flangeattached to substantial portions of the margin of the sides of saidplate and projecting beyond the surface of said plate wherebyareinforcing ridge is generated on certain margins of said apron, andAelongated pieces of sheet material attached to said surface of saidplate, said pieces extending in spaced relation along the side edges ofsaid plate to define ties for said apron, each piece having an edgemerging with a curved edge of said extension to define a portion of thetop portion of said apron.

ABRAHAM N. sPNEL.

